| Table 1. Etiologies of Atrial Fibrillation |
|---|
| 1. Atrial pressure elevation (leading to dilatation) |
| Valvular disease: mitral/tricuspid regurgitation or stenosis, mitral valve prolapse |
| Systolic or diastolic dysfunction |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) |
| Pulmonary hypertension (COPD with cor pulmonale) |
| Pulmonary embolism |
| Intracardiac thrombi or tumor |
| 2. Inflammatory and infiltrative process |
| Pericarditis/myocarditis |
| Amyloidosis |
| Sarcoidosis |
| Age induced atrial fibrosis |
| 3. Infectious process |
| Any infections and fever |
| 4. Endocrine disorders |
| Hyperthroidism |
| Pheochromocytoma |
| 5. Neurogenic |
| Stroke |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
| 6. Atrial ischemia |
| Myocardial infarction |
| 7. Drugs |
| Alcohol (holiday heart) |
| Caffeine |
| 8. Idiopathic |
| Lone afib if less than 60 years old |
| 9. Familial |